Climate, pollution, agriculture, food systems and natural resources.
Dr. Rolf Derpsch and colleagues argue that ploughing and bare soil drive declining soil productivity, and that minimal disturbance, permanent soil cover and crop diversity can reverse it.
Dr. Astrid Bensmann's team found that, under projected future costs, gaseous hydrogen fuel cells led on cost and emissions for many ship missions, while methanol or ammonia fuel cells suited longer voyages.
Dr. Serghei Bocaniov's team built a long-term phosphorus budget for Lake Erie, showing that phosphorus released within the lake itself makes a major and uneven contribution across its basins.
Dr. Al Kertz argues that consistent liquid feeding, early calf starter intake and ready access to water set dairy calves up for lifelong health and productivity.
Dr. Javier Seoane's team found that climate is the main factor shaping where land birds live across mainland Spain, followed by terrain slope and land cover.
Dr. Partson Mubvumba's team found that grazing a summer cover crop mix in semi-arid Texas did not consistently change measured soil properties compared with leaving the cover crops ungrazed.
Dr. Pritam Nasipuri's team dated zircon grains and analysed rock chemistry in the Khammam Schist Belt, supporting an ancient link between India, North China and Antarctica.
Professor Lidija Šiller's team found that nickel nanoparticles speed carbon dioxide absorption by the capture solvent monoethanolamine, especially at cooler temperatures, but also hasten its breakdown.
Dr. Shun-Hsin Liang's team developed a direct-injection liquid chromatography method that accurately measures ultrashort- and short-chain PFAS in tap, bottled and sewage treatment waters.
Dr. Kent Condie and Dr. Robert Stern compiled published ophiolite studies, introduced a confidence score for identifying them, and traced where and when these ocean-floor fragments formed.
Dr. Dalia Saad's team found microplastics, mostly tiny fibres and fragments, in every Nile tilapia examined from the River Nile at Khartoum, the first such evidence there.
Gabriela Yánez-Jácome and colleagues review evidence that microplastics are widespread across Ecuador's waters, air and wildlife, and call for better waste management, monitoring and regulation.
